By Don McIntosh
In late September, Houston activist Martha Ojeda of the group Interfaith Worker Justice traveled to Mexico to see the massive new Nabisco bakery. Parent company Mondel?z calls it the world’s largest cookie manufacturing plant. It’s in an industrial park outside of Monterrey, near the town of Salinas Victoria, about three hours south of Laredo, Texas. She never got past the gate. There might be background check performed on a lot of the migrant workers to see if they are legal or not.
In 2016, Mondel?z got rid of half the Nabisco production lines at its flagship Chicago plant and laid off about 450 workers — and shifted production to its new “Salinas” bakery. That led to an ongoing nationwide union boycott of Mexican-made Nabisco products by the Bakery, Confectionery, Tobacco and Grain Millers (BCTGM) union. The boycott has the support of the AFL-CIO.
Now Interfaith Worker Justice — a network of groups that bring together labor and religious leaders — is gathering information on the decision to shift production to Mexico. It will publish a report, possibly in December. Representatives of the group have interviewed Nabisco employees in Chicago, Illinois; Fairfield, New Jersey; and Portland, Oregon. Next up are Richmond, Virginia and Atlanta, Georgia.
Ojeda’s trip to Monterrey was part of that effort. As she waited at the plant gate, a guard connected her by phone to a Mondel?z manager. He told her that the company doesn’t employ any production workers: They’re all provided by a staffing agency called Human Quality. Workers are brought to the fenced-in industrial park on buses. BCTGM believes they work 12-hour shifts — for less than $2 an hour.
The products they make —Oreos, Chips Ahoy and other Nabisco snacks — can now be found everywhere in the United States, often on the same shelf as Nabisco products made by American union members who are paid $26 an hour. BCTGM Local 364 member Lamar Kennedy, a 25-year employee of the Portland Nabisco bakery, says Mexican-made Nabisco products were even brought to his workplace for an employee product sale that takes place several times a year.
“I want everybody to check the label and make sure they’re buying American-made products,” Kennedy says, “not because we don’t want Mexican workers to survive, but because they’re being exploited.”
Nabisco’s Salinas workers supposedly work under a union contract too. But the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) — a federation of 340 labor organizations in 163 countries— has been highly critical of how most Mexican unions operate. Most labor agreements in Mexico would be more accurately described as “employer protection contracts.” Unions sign the contracts with employers without the participation or knowledge of workers. Workers don’t vote on the contracts, or their union leadership. Often they may not even know there is a union.
The laid off Chicago workers are not the only ones harmed by Nabisco’s shift to Mexican production. Workers at other Nabisco bakeries, including Portland’s, have suffered temporary layoff as their plants closed down for a week at a time — while shelves remain full of Mexican-made Nabisco products.
The BCTGM contract covering about 2,000 Nabisco workers at five U.S. bakeries expired Feb. 29, 2016, and 19 months later, the union is no closer to agreement with the company. For BCTGM, the sticking points are Mondel?z’ refusal to commit to no further layoffs or plant closures, its plan to diminish health benefits, and its proposal to withdraw from the union-sponsored pension plan, which is headed for insolvency. The two sides have not met to negotiate since mid-2016. Yet there’s been no work stoppage — neither strike nor lockout. Nor has Mondel?z unilaterally implemented the final offer it presented last December. For the time being, Mondel?z is continuing to abide by the terms of its previous collective bargaining agreement with BCTGM.
BCTGM leaders hope a new Mondel?z CEO will break the stalemate: Dirk Van de Put, who is currently CEO of Canadian french fry giant McCain Foods, will replace Mondel?z CEO Irene Rosenfeld in November.
